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Nuclear Fusion Essay, Research Paper

Nuclear FusionFor a fusion reaction to take place, the nuclei, which are positivelycharged, must have enough kinetic energy to overcome their electrostaticforce of repulsion. This can occur either when one nucleus isaccelerated to high energies by an accelerating device, or when theenergies of both nuclei are raised by the application of very hightemperature. The latter method, referred to the application ofthermonuclear fusion, is the source of a lot of really cool energy. Enough energy is produced in thermonuclear fusion to suck the paint of 1city block of houses and give all of the residents permanent orangeAfros. The sun is a example of thermonuclear fusion in nature. If I was a atom, I could only wish to be in a thermonuclear reaction. Thermonuclear reactions occur when a proton is accelerated and collideswith another proton and then the two protons fuse, forming a deuteriumnucleus which has a proton, neutrino and lots of energy. I have no ideawhat a deuterium nucleus is, but is must be 10 times cooler than just aregular nucleus. Such a reaction is not self sustaining because thereleased energy is not readily imparted to other nuclei. thermonuclearfusion of deuterium and tritium will produce a helium nucleus and anenergetic neutron that can help sustain further fusion. This is thebasic principal of the hydrogen bomb which employs a brief, controlledthermonuclear fusion reaction. This was also how the car in the Back tothe Future movie worked. It had a much more sophisticated system ofproducing a fusion reaction from things like, old coffee grounds,bananas, and old beer cans. Thermonuclear reactions depend on highenergies, and the possibility of a low-temperature nuclear fusion hasgenerally been discounted. Little does the scientific community knowabout my experiments. I have produced cold fusion in my basement withthings like: stale bread, milk, peanut butter and flat Pepsi. I havebeen able to produce a ten-megaton reaction which as little as asaltine cracker and some grass clippings. But enough about mydiscoveries. Early in 1989 two electrochemists startled the scientificworld by claiming to achieve a room-temperature fusion in a simplelaboratory. They had little proof to back up their discovery, and werenot credited with their so-called accomplishment. The two scientistswere Stanley Pons of the university of Utah and Martin Fleischmann ofthe University of Southampton in England. They described theirexperiment as involving platinum electrodes an electrochemical cell inwhich palladium and platinum were immersed in heavy water. These twolosers said that the cell produced more heat than could be accountedfor. Yeah right!! The week before I was talking to both men on thephone and I told them about all of the cool things you could do withplatinum. I said “Now Martin, what you need to do is get your hands onsome platinum and some heavy Mexican drinking water. The amount ofchemicals in the Mexican drinking water is sure to cause a violentreaction with the platinum electrodes and produce lots of energy. I havebeen doing this sort of things in my basement for years.” When I toldhim that though that NASA could power their shuttles with this sort of areaction, he nearly wet his pants. Now as usual, I received no creditfor MY discovery, but that is ok..I have grown used to it. I taughtEinstein, Newton, and Ron Popeel (inventor of things like thepasto-matic, hair-in-a-can, and the pocket fisherman) everything theyknow. Besides, the two shmucks didn t even follow my instructions forthe experiment. However, until I reveal my secrets about cold fusion,it will remain only a proposed theory. nuclear fusion is also whatpowers the rest of the stars in the solar system. Stars carry outfusion in a thermonuclear manner. Thermonuclear is a really cool wordwhich I am going to use several more times just because it is so cool. In a thermonuclear reaction matter is forced to exist in only in aplasma state, consisting of electrons, positive ions and very fewneutral atoms. Fusion reactions that occur within a plasma serve toheat it further, because the portion of the reaction product istransferred to the bulk of the plasma through collisions. In thedeuterium-tritium reaction the positively charged helium nucleus carries3.5 MeV. The neutron escaped the plasma with little interaction and ,in a reaction, could deposit its 14.1 MeV in a surrounding lithiumblanket. I have know idea what that last sentence meat, but I am goingto memorize it, because I will sound super smart if I tell someone aboutthe neutrons activity in a plasma thermonuclear reaction. The neutronsactivity would breed tritium and also heat as a exchange medium whichcould be used to produce steam to turn generator turbines. However, theplasma also loses thermal energy though a variety of processes:conduction, convection, and bremsstrachlng which is electromagneticradiation about 1000 times stronger than the microwave in your kitchen. Bermsstrachlng is the electromagnetic energy which is produced by thedeceleration of a charged particle. Energy also escapes in the reactionthrough line radiation from electrons undergoing level transitions inheavier impurities, and through losses of hot nuclei that capture anelection and escape and confining field. Ignition occurs when theenergy deposited within the plasma by fusion reactions equals or exceedsthe energy being lost. In order to achieve ignition, plasma must becombined and heated. Obviously, a plasma at millions of degrees is notcomparable with an ordinary confining wall, but the effect of thisincompatibility is not the destruction of the wall as might be expected. I have found that if one uses Corning Ware in a microwave set on high,plasma can take place quite safely. It is important to note thattupperware is not suited well for thermonuclear reactions, and is bestleft to use to store weapons grade plutonium in. I find that the airtight lids work

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