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cycle the sandstorms run on. The ice also give us an idea of what type of cycle the planets is on. There are summers and winters on Mars. This is another way that the age of the ice could be figured. Ice also tells a little about what type of climate Mars has. If it was an extremely hot planet like Venus then the ice would not exist. The ice itself is most likely just like what we have on Earth. It is deposited in layer and is generally smooth with few impact craters. Most of the time the ice is covered with a frost of frozen Co2. In the summer the ice partly defrosts and this allows the layering to happen. The deposits are thought to be composed primarily of dust and ice. The layering indicates that the deposits are in some sort of a cycle.

Ground ice only occurs at extreme lows or at very high altitudes. Water vapor cannot escape fast enough so it becomes ice deposits on the ground. This also happens around the edge of craters suggesting the possibility of ground water. Little is known about the ice in deep canyons but it is assumed that there is deposits of ice at the extreme lows.

Mars is still geologically a mystery to us. It has features that are very similar to Earth s, but there are some that are unique to Mars. We cannot start to understand the complexity of mars geology until we can actually land there. Then the red planet will start to revel it secrets to us.

MISSION TO MARS

Mars Climate Orbiter successfully blasted off a Kennedy Space Center launch pad for a 9-month journey to the Red Planet on Friday, December 11, 1998. The spacecraft will arrive in martian orbit in September 1999, where it will serve as a weather satellite for a full martian year (two full Earth years). The next Mars lander is scheduled for January 3, 1999 liftoff. Mars Polar will touch down on Mars in December 1999, carrying two softball-size penetrators, the Deep Space 2 mission, that will crash land on Mars some 60 miles north of the landing site. All is going well with NASA s Saturn-bound Cassini mission and the Deep Space 1 mission. Cassini will reach Saturn in June 2004 and Deep Space 1 will rendezvous with asteroid 1992KD in July 1999. The Galileo spacecraft at Jupiter went into a safe mode just six hours before its scheduled flyby of Europa on November 21-22, meaning it failed to collect any images or data; probably because of the intense radiation surrounding Jupiter. The NEAR spacecraft (Near-Earth Asteroid Rendezvous) will go into orbit around the asteroid Eros in January. Mars Global Surveyor and Lunar Prospector continue to function beautifully. Future missions include gathering samples of the martian moons Phobos and Deimos, firing a 1,100 lb. copper projectile into comet P/Tempel 1, studying Jupiter s interior, globally imaging and studying Mercury, and measuring the composition and circulation of Venus s middle atmosphere.

This article told me much about the past, present, and future NASA missions. We are certainly learning more about the other planets in our solar systems, especially Mars, and I believe that we are doing the right thing in proposing more future missions that will help us learn more about our solar system and its planets.



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