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in Horatio that he has a plan to test his uncle’s guilt. He tells Horatio that he has asked the players to reinact the murder of Hamlet’s father. By seeing Claudius’ reaction to the murder, Hamlet will know for sure whether or not the ghost was telling the truth. Horatio agrees to watch the king’s reaction. The play, The Mousetrap, is introduced and gets underway. When the murder scene is enacted, Claudius calls for lights and storms out. Hamlet and Horatio discuss the king’s reactions and both are convinced that Claudius killed the old king. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern enter, tell Hamlet the king is very upset and then they ask him why he has been so upset lately. Hamlet, tired of their meddling, confronts them and demands to know why they are trying all these games to get information from him. He tells them that he is too smart to be caught in their traps. Polonius enters and tells Hamlet that the Queen wishes to speak with him. Text: Act III, Scene ii ————————————————————————— Act III, Scene iii: This scene gives insight into Claudius’ thoughts and gives the audience proof regarding Hamlet’s and the ghost’s assertions that Claudius killed Hamlet’s father. The king, frightened, prepares to send Hamlet to England, with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to accompany him. Polonius enters and tells the King that Gertrude is going to talk to Hamlet and try and come to an understanding regarding his madness, while he (Polonius) hides and listens to the conversation. Polonius leaves and Claudius is left on stage. In Claudius’ soliloquy, he admits to killing his brother and starts to realize the difficulties he is in. He tries to attone for his sins by praying, but he finds that although he can say the words to ask for forgiveness, he doesn’t believe what he is saying. Unbeknownst to Claudius, Hamlet enters while Claudius is at prayer. Although this seems like the perfect opportunity for Hamlet, a chance to kill Claudius after proving Claudius’ guilt in the murder, Hamlet refuses to go ahead with the deed. He is afraid that because Claudius is praying, Claudius’ sins will be forgiven. Because Hamlet doesn’t want Claudius to have a chance to go to heaven, or to purgatory where Hamlet’s father now resides, he leaves. NOTE: It is ironic that when Hamlet has an opportunity to kill Claudius and get away with killing him, he hesitates because he doesn’t want there to be a chance that Claudius wouldn’t suffer in the afterlife. What Hamlet didn’t know was that Claudius couldn’t pray and if he had killed Claudius, he would have had his revenge. Another thing to note, if Hamlet kills Claudius now, the deaths that occur later in the play would not have happened. Text: Act III, Scene iii ————————————————————————— Act III, Scene iv: Polonius hides behind a curtain as Hamlet enters into mother’s chamber. When the Queen is confronted by an angry and erratic Hamlet, she panics and screams for help. When Polonius hears her scream, he thinks Hamlet is trying to kill her and he yells out. Hamlet, who suspects that Claudius is hiding behind the curtain, draws his sword and stabs at the sound. The Queen, horrified at what Hamlet has done, tries to chastise him, but Hamlet says his deed is nowhere as bad as killing a king and marrying the old king’s wife. Hamlet goes on to explain to the Queen all that he believes she has done wrong, including wronging her old husband’s memory. He tries to show her the differences between the old king and Claudius,attributing only good qualities to his father and negative qualities to Claudius. Hamlet gets excited when confronted with Gertrude’s misplaced love; he doesn’t understand how she can forget her husband so easily. The ghost enters. The Queen thinks Hamlet is mad (crazy), because she cannot see the ghost Hamlet sees. The ghost reminds Hamlet that Hamlet is to leave the judgement of Gertrude to God and not to harm her. Hamlet tries to convince Gertrude that the ghost is real, but fails. Hamlet tells Gertrude to forgo any romantic encounters with Claudius, to save herself, and tries to get her to help with the plans he is making for revenge on Claudius. He asks her to tell Claudius that she believes that Hamlet is of sound mind, that he is only pretending to be mad. He also warns her not to try and play the type of game he is playing. Hamlet, dragging Polonius’ body behind him, leaves a very shaken Gertrude after reminding her that he must leave for England. Text: Act III, Scene iv ————————————————————————— Act IV, Scene i: Gertrude explains to Claudius that she believes Hamlet is truly mad and that as proof, he has killed Polonius and taken away the body. Claudius, after being thankful that he wasn’t the one killed, asks where Hamlet went. She cannot tell him, and Claudius tries to comfort her by telling her that they will soon be rid of him, because of his trip. Claudius calls for Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. After telling them that Hamlet has killed Polonius, he asks them to go and find Hamlet, get Polonius’ body and to put Polonius’ body in the chapel. The scene ends with Claudius informing Gertrude that they must inform the court of what has happened and the reasons why they are sending Hamlet away. He is afraid that if he doesn’t present Hamlet as being the only guilty person, people might start to think Claudius had something to do with the murder. Text: Act IV, Scene i ————————————————————————— Act IV, Scene ii: Rosencrantz and Guildenstern come across Hamlet, who has by this time safely hidden Polonius’ body. Although Rosencrantz and Guildenstern demand that Hamlet tell them where the body is he refuses. They then tell Hamlet the King wishes to see him; they leave with him. Text: Act IV, Scene ii