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to temporarily transform the performer into the depicted being on the mask. The identity of the spirit is depicted not by the form of the mask, which is usually plain and flat, but by the color, leather, feathers, and ornamentation of the mask. Kachina s are also found in small ornamented wood dolls. The dolls are not used in ceremonies but are used both as play toys for the children and as devices of spiritual education. In the Mande culture however the masks are worn over the head of a female elder who dances for the Sande women s society. The Sande women s society is a secret society composed of all the women members of the Mande people. They instruct girls in their responsibilities, and protect the rights of women in the community. The Sande mask displays and celebrates Mande ideals of female beauty and virtue. The downcast eyes convey a spiritual nature, the high forehead indicates good fortune, and the elaborate hairstyle communicate the close ties of the women in the community. Although most masks in African cultures and in Native American tribes are worn by men, the Sande Society mask is a rare exception since it is worn by all women s society to which men are not admitted.

Although these two cultures are separated by thousands of miles, they both rely on the role of tradition to continue their cultures. Their relationship and respect for the earth, the crops, the weather, and the forces of nature are all celebrated in their rituals, arts and performance. Hopefully, with the continued expression of oral tradition, these two cultures will be able to flourish for years to come.