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Wireless Technology Essay, Research Paper

Wireless Technology applied to Computer Processing

Wireless technology can provide many benefits to computing including faster

response to queries, reduced time spent on paperwork, increased online time for

users, just-in-time and real time control, tighter communications between

clients and hosts. Wireless Computing is governed by two general forces:

Technology, which provides a set of basic building blocks and User Applications,

which determine a set of operations that must be carried out efficiently on

demand. This paper summarizes technological changes that are underway and

describes their impact on wireless computing development and implementation. It

also describes the applications that influence the development and

implementation of wireless computing and shows what current systems offer. II.

Introduction Wireless computing is the topic of much conversation today. The

concept has been around for some time now but has been mainly utilizing

communication protocols that exist for voice-based communication. It is not

intended to replace wired data communication but instead to be utilized in areas

that it would be otherwise impossible to communicate using wires. Only recently

has the industry been taking steps to formulate a standard that is more suitable

to data transmission. Some the problems to be overcome are: a. Data Integrity -

relatively error free transmission, b. Speed – as close as possible to the speed

of current wired networks, c. Protection – making sure that the data now

airborne is encoded and cannot be tapped by unwelcome receivers, d.

Compatibility – ensuring that the many protocols that sure to be created

subscribe to a standard to allow inter-operability, e. Environmentally safe -

strengths of electromagnetic radiation must be kept within normal levels. In our

study of the theories and implementation concerns of wireless computing, we

found that it is being treated in an object-oriented fashion. Scientists and

development crews, including the IEEE, are doing their best to implement

wireless connectivity without changing the existing computer hardware. As a

result, a lot of focus is on using existing computer hardware and software to

convert data to a format compatible with the new hardware, which will be added

to the computer using ports, or PCMCIA connections that already exist. This

means that wireless communication will be transparent to the user if and when

wireless computing is utilized on a wide scale. Wireless computing applications

covers three broad areas of computing today. Replacement of normal wired LAN?s

need to retain the speed and reliability found in wired LAN?s. Creation of

semi permanent LAN?s for quick and easy setup without the need for running

wires. This would be necessary for events such as earthquakes. The last category

is that of mobile computing. With advent of PCMCIA cards, notebook computers are

being substituted for regular desktop machines with complete connectivity of the

desktop machine. However, you lose the connectivity when out of the office

unless you have a wireless means of communicating. On the compatibility issue,

the ability to mix wireless brands on a single network is not likely to come

soon. The IEEE Standards Committee is working on a wireless LAN standard –

802.11, which is an extension of the Ethernet protocol. Because the field of

wireless communication is so broad, the IEEE was not able to set a standard by

the time private researchers were ready to test their theories hoping to set the

standard for others to follow. II. Methods There are a few methods of wireless

communication being theorized and tested. Radio: This is the method that makes

use of standard radio waves in the 902 MHz to 928 MHz frequency range. Although

these frequencies are well used, methods have been developed to ensure data

integrity. Spread spectrum transmission of data is a method where the

transmitter will send information simultaneously out over many frequencies in

the range increasing the change that all data will eventually reach the

receiver. Frequency hopping is an additional measure that also enables data

security. The 26 MHz ranges of frequencies is further divided in to channels.

The transmitter then sends out data hopping from one channel to the next in a

certain pattern known to the receiver. Within each channel, spread spectrum

transmission can be used to maintain interference avoidance. Some of this

transmission manipulation can be avoided by transmitting at a frequency that is

less used. Some developers have tried transmitting in the gigahertz range. The

disadvantages here are: a. Higher frequencies mean shorter wavelengths and

shorter wavelengths do not penetrate solid objects like walls and floors; b. The

same transmission strength employed by lower wavelength transmitters yields a

shorter range at higher frequencies. This means that transmission strength will

need to be boosted something hard to accomplish using portable tools and

potentially dangerous to humans; 3) Transmission frequencies of 3 GHz and higher

are licensed by the Federal Communications Commission. Developers in the range

have the additional hassle of obtaining a license every time an installation is

done. c. Laser: Laser-based communication is the fastest way to communicate

without wires.

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