Читать реферат по английскому: "How To Make An Effective Oral Essay" Страница 2

(Назад) (Cкачать работу)

At the start, determine the best place to stand so that you are not blocking the projection or somebody’s view. When placing a slide on the overhead, make sure that you look back at the screen to see that all is visible, and adjust the slide if necessary. It is best to point at the screen, if possible, rather than at the projector. Unless it is fixed in place, a projector can move if you get too friendly with it. If you must point at the projector (if the screen is too far away, for example) be sure to keep the pointer steady. Aim to speak slowly and with enough volume to reach the person in the audience who is farthest away. Look around and you can see whether your points are sinking in. Interact with the audience. Ask them if they are following you, or ask them simple questions to see if they are. Liven them up a bit. Take control of the questions, during or after the talk. Take discussions off-line if they are consuming too much time or will not readily be resolved. Try to steer the topic back on track if needed, otherwise audience participation can drive things far away from the main points of the talk. Feel free to interrupt debates among audience members; after all, it is your presentation. Humor can make a big difference, especially in dry technical talks. Cartoons can be an effective way to draw parallels with points you are trying to make. Even short verbal digressions, rhetorical questions, or anecdotes can go a long way to keeping up audience interest.

At the end of your presentation, it is a good idea to recap the primary objective. The usual way to do this is to provide a summary slide, with the objectives clearly shown in point form. This summary will usually conclude your presentation. If appropriate, you can invite the audience to ask questions at this point.

an effective presentation takes a lot of effort, and more than a little experience. Don’t get discouraged if your oratory ability is found lacking your first time out. Take suggestions made by your audience, and try to improve for next time. Soon you will be an expert in the preparation and delivery of effective oral presentations.

Howard, C. Jeriel, and Richard Francis Tracz. Contact: A Textbook in Applied Communications. 4th ed. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1984.

Kupsh, Joyce, and Pat R. Graves. How To Create High Impact Business Presentations. Lincolnwood, Illinois: NTC/Contemporary Publishing Company, 1993.

Plotnik, Arthur. The Elements of Expression. New York, New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1996.

Похожие работы