Читать реферат по английскому: "Crisler Corporation. Senior thesis" Страница 2

(Назад) (Cкачать работу)

During this time, the Mercedes model became very famous and recognizable around the world. Due to the increased popularity of the model Mercedes, the new company was named Mercedes-Benz. The name Daimler-Benz was used also. For the next decade, the Mercedes-Benz dominated the German automobile market. Mercedes sales were much higher than the other German car companies, such as BMW and Opel.

In the early 1930’s history repeated itself with the rise of Adolph Hitler. The management of Mercedes-Benz began gradually to lose control of the company. The new government brought the vehicle under strict regulation. The whole German car industry was taken over by the National Socialists. Hitler announced that the production of German cars would be “drastically reduced” (Kimer, p. 276, 1986). In the mid 30’s the Mercedes-Benz factories were beginning to be used for military purposes. This idea was given by Jakob Werlen, the former manager of Mercedes–Benz, who later became Hitler’s personal advisor of transportation. An interesting fact is that Hitler had many kinds of cars, but whenever he was photographed in a vehicle, it was a Mercedes. One of Hitler’s favorite models was his parade car, type 770, the “Grosser Mercedes” (Kimer, p. 282, 1986).

Wilhelm Kissel was a general director of the company in the mid and late 30’s. He tried to keep his company free from government involvement, but this proved to be too difficult. By wartime, the Mercedes-Benz factories were basically making military products. By the time Hitler started the war with the U.S.S.R., Mercedes-Benz was making all kinds of army equipment. The German army needed the best machines and Mercedes-Benz factories were producing planes, trucks, tanks, and various kinds of engines. The most famous Mercedes war product was a military plane called Msserschmitt. This plane made the Luftwaffe the best airforce in the world. The Msserschmitt was considered the best plane at that time; it had a Mercedes DB 600 engine, which made this plane much faster than any other planes in the world (Kimer, p. 283, 1986).

In 1945, after the end of the war, all of the Daimler-Benz factories, much like the rest of Germany, were ruined. An American reporter wrote about what he had observed in Germany right after the war - “Cities were dead, factories idle bridges down, rails gone. Rubble was everywhere” (Kimer, p. 283, 1986). World War II completely destroyed Daimler-Benz, at one time the world’s largest automobile company.

It took more than three years to rebuild the factories. However, many divisions of the company were lost because they ended up in East Germany. At first the company was rebuilding U.S. army vehicles. By 1949, over 6,000 cars had been built and the main focus of Mercedes-Benz was again the production of luxury cars (Kimer, p. 290, 1986).

Within the next two years, the company was completely rebuilt and the number of employees since the beginning of the war was doubled. Now the number of workers was almost 40,000. By the year 1952, Mercedes-Benz had built 100,000 cars and 250 in the United States. In 1955, the new models 220, 300, and 300S were introduced in a Frankfort Auto Show and the model 300S was named the car of the year. From that time, Mercedes started to export more cars around the world. However, most of the cars were sold in Germany (Consumer Guide, p. 32, 1986).

By 1960, the Mercedes was the number one selling car in Germany, but at the same time, the BMW became a very close competitor. Mercedes lost a large share of the market to BMW. This was a time when the company started to look for new markets. The United States was a promising market for the Mercedes. In the early 60’s the company increased its sales to 50,000 cars sold in the U.S. (Consumer Guide, p. 46, 1986)

However, in the mid 60’s, the sales went down. The new 190D four-cylinder diesel model did not sell well in the U.S. and Europe. It took the company three years until it became one of the leaders of the market. In 1970, Mercedes introduced three new models, which they called the “New Generation.” The new models were 280S, 280SE, and 280SL. By that time, the Mercedes became the number one imported car in England, France, Belgium, Holland, Switzerland, and Austria (Consumer Guide, p. 48, 1986).

Another reason why the Mercedes became one of the most popular cars in the world was its participation in auto racing. In the late 60’s, Mercedes cars participated in nine races and won seven of them. After tremendous racing results, people around the world wanted to purchase the C-111 model which would set up three new world records; however, Mercedes would not make this available to the public for sale. The company was receiving a thousand letters a day with offers buy the C-111 model and in 1976 the similar model C111-11 was introduced at the Geneva Automobile Show. The new model had tremendous power. It had 350 horsepower, and it could get from zero to sixty mph in six seconds. Its top speed was 190 mph. Also, the C111-11 Diesel set a new record in durability by running at a speed of 156 mph for 10,000 miles straight (Consumer Guide, p.55, 1986).

In 1982, the 190 series was one of the best selling models in the world. The 190 model was a small sized car which opened for Mercedes an entirely new market. In Germany, this model became a best selling car in 1985. This was a very important establishment for Daimler-Benz because the 190 model became the number one selling small car in Germany, leaving the long-time leader, BMW, in second place (Consumer Guide, p. 64, 1986).

In the early 1990’s, the Mercedes market share in the United States was greatly decreased. The reason for this was that the Japanese car companies started to produce luxury cars. For example, Toyota was manufacturing Lexus, Honda was

Похожие работы