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Course paper

Types of subordinate clauses in the English language

sentence subordination submission

In the process of communication people use a variety of sentences to make their speech interesting and lively. Too many simple sentences, for example, will sound choppy and immature while too many long sentences will be difficult to read and hard to understand.and Subordination are ways of combining words, phrases, and clauses into more complex forms. The discussion below examines coordination and subordination of clauses.- uses coordinating conjunctions, conjunctive adverbs (with appropriate punctuation), or punctuation to combine short independent clauses into a single sentence. Coordination implies the balance of elements that are of equal semantic value in the sentence.- uses subordinating conjunctions or relative pronouns to transform independent clauses (main clauses or ideas) into dependent clauses (subordinate clauses or ideas). Subordinate clauses are subordinate to (and thus hold less semantic value than) the independent clause(s) to which they are linked.topic of our investigation is «Types of Subordinate Clauses in the English Language».topicality of our investigation is predetermined by the necessity understand and use in practice English language with all its grammatical and syntactic peculiarities. English is recognized to be a global language of communication of different people from different countries. That is why it is so important to understand fully syntactic peculiarities of the language.

The object of the investigation is subordinate clauses.

The subject of the investigation is specific features of functioning of subordinate clauses in accordance with their different types.

The aim of the investigation is to analyze different types of subordinate clauses in the English language.gain the aim of the investigation we have determined the following tasks:

to consider types of English sentences;

investigate the nature of clause;

determine specific features of subordination;

characterize types of subordinate clauses;

investigate punctuation peculiarities and subordinating conjunctions;

select sentences with different types of subordinate clauses.

Structure of the investigation. The paper consists of the introduction, two chapters, theoretical and practical one, conclusion and bibliography.

.1 Types of English sentences

are different types of sentences.SENTENCEsimple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought. In the following simple sentences, subjects are in yellow, and verbs are in green.

A. Some students like to study in the mornings.. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon.. Alicia goes to the library and studies every day.

The three examples above are all simple sentences. Note that sentence B contains a compound subject, and sentence C contains a compound verb. Simple sentences, therefore, contain a subject and verb and express a complete thought, but they can also contain a compound subjects or verbs.SENTENCEcompound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator. The coordinators are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful hint: The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS.) Except for very short sentences, coordinators are always preceded by a comma.

A. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.. Alejandro played football, for Maria went shopping.

The above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they are joined by a coordinator with a comma preceding it. Note how the conscious use of coordinators can change the relationship between the clauses. Sentences B and C, for example, are identical except for the coordinators. In sentence B, which action occurred first? Obviously, «Alejandro played football» first, and as a consequence, «Maria went shopping. In sentence C, «Maria went shopping» first. In sentence C, «Alejandro played football» because, possibly, he didn't have anything else to do, for or because «Maria went shopping.» How can the use of other coordinators change the relationship between the two clauses? What implications would the use of «yet» or «but» have on the meaning of the sentence?SENTENCEcomplex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which.

A. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page.. The teacher returned the homework after she noticed the error.. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow.. After they finished studying, Juan and Maria went to the movies.. Juan and Maria went to the movies after they finished studying.

When a complex sentence begins with a subordinator such as sentences A and D, a comma is required at the end of the dependent clause. When the independent clause begins the sentence with subordinators in the middle as in sentences B, C, and E, no comma is required. If a comma is placed before the subordinators in sentences B, C, and E, it is wrong.that sentences D and E are the same except sentence D begins with the dependent clause which is followed by a comma, and sentence E begins with the independent clause which contains no comma. The comma after the dependent clause in sentence D is required, and experienced listeners of English will often hear a slight pause there. In sentence E, however, there will

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