Читать диплом по мировой экономике, международным экономическим отношениям: "Foreign banks in the Russian financial market" Страница 3

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procedure for access of non-residents in the domestic banking system in many respects softer than in most other countries. In essence, Russia has acted and continues to act moderately liberal approach to the registration and licensing of credit institutions with foreign capital., there is only one unresolved fundamental issue, which concerns the inability to open branches of foreign banks in the Russian Federation, avoiding the creation of a subsidiary bank. The government and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation based on the fact that at the current stage of development of the banking sector establishment of branches of foreign banks, by passing institution subsidiary bank, should be considered premature. This concept comes through the idea that same level of competition should be provided for all credit organizations and to prevent the market of banking institutions with a negative business reputation. In all other points of the conditions of admission of non-residents in the Russian banking system fit into global licensing practices of banking activities and do not cause significant objections on the part of foreign investors.of October 1, 2009 on the territory of the Russian Federation acted more than 150 credit institutions with non-residents. In total in Russia at that date the number of credit institutions has reached more than 1300. Thus, foreign capital is present in the ownership structure of each tenth of the current bank. It is important to note that the majority of banks with foreign capital have been recognized by the Central Bank financially sustainable in the selection of banks in the deposit insurance system and have a license to take deposits from individuals.institutions with the participation of non-residents located in 30 regions of the Russian Federation, including 85 credit institutions (or 64.9% of the total) are located in Moscow.of banks with foreign participation are predominantly associated with Moscow. There are registered approximately 85 credit institutions, or 65% of the total. Concentration ratio of foreign capital also demonstrates the imbalance in the distribution of investments in the authorized capital of Moscow and other Russian regions. Thus, Moscow accounts for over 90% of the total foreign participation in the authorized capital of banks.major part of foreign investments in the Russian banking sector accounted for west European countries - 96.6%. The leaders in the size of investments are Germany, France, USA, Austria, the Netherlands and Turkey. The leading role of the German capital in the Russian banking system (25% of all foreign investments) reflects the status of Germany as a major economic partner of Russia.nature of the involvement of foreign capital in the Russian banking sector is quite diversified. First of all, the separation can be performed by size interests of non-residents in the authorized capital of the Bank:40 credit institutions authorized capital formed at the expense of non-residents by 100%. Contributions of non-residents to the authorized capital of banks in this group make up 40.4 billion Rubles (nearly 1.5 billion. Dollars.). Or 87.6% of total foreign investment. 9 credit institutions have a share of non-residents in the authorized capital of more than 50% but less than 100%. In 13 banks foreign participation varies from 20 to 50%. In 69 credit institutions share of non-residents is negligible (less than 20% of the share capital)., 62 credit institutions with non-resident participation in the authorized capital from 20 to 100% (or 47.3% of the total number of credit institutions with foreign investment), in which non-residents can have a decisive or a noticeable impact on the decision making process, we have 44, 5 billion. Rubles, or 10.6% of the total authorized capital of the banking system and 96.5% of total foreign investment in the authorized capital of Russian credit organizations.we compare the current distribution of banks according to the size of their participation in the capital of non-residents with existing after the financial crisis of August 1998, we can see that the greatest changes affected the group of credit institutions, in which the proportion of non-residents is 20 to 50% . Since January 1999, the number of banks with foreign participation decreased by more than 2 times. Against this background, the number of banks with 100% contribution of non-residents in the managing capital from 18 to 40 (see. Fig. 3):the banks, under the effective control of non-residents (more than 50% of the share capital), now account for over 90% of all foreign investment in the banking sector. This includes subsidiaries of the 10 banks of the thirty largest banks in the world in terms of assets, in particular the leaders of the world banking business - Citicorp, Deutsche Bank, BNP Paribas, Societe Generale.two opposite tendencies suggest that the Russian foreign founders try not to involve local partners to create a subsidiary bank, but prefer to fully control it. 1.2 Legal regulation of the activities of foreign commercial banks Regulation of relations in the banking sector, due to the special significance for the country's economy, falls under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation Russian Federation. By law governing relations in this sphere should be subject to special requirements:

• clarity

• balance

• enforceability

• strict legal compliance and enforcement measures of legal responsibility in case of unattended, or abuse. Fundamental, basic source of banking legislation is the Constitution of the Russian Federation."g" Art. 71 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation is directly related to the conduct of the Russian Federation to establish the legal framework of the single market; financial, currency, credit, customs regulation, money issue, the principles of pricing policy; federal economic services, including federal banks. According p. 1, Art. 76 of the