Читать курсовая по английскому: "Australian English" Страница 1

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Introduction

english polynational territorial

The choice of a subject of the thesis is predetermined by that attention which is paid to a problem of language variability now.study as intra structural variability and the variability connected with action of external factors and which is shown in variety of forms of existence of language, its social and territorial differentiation admits domestic and foreign linguists.number of works in native and foreign linguistics testifies to special relevance of a problem of the variability of language caused by social, functional and territorial factors (V.G. Gak, A.I. Domashney, V.M. Zhirmunsky, L.L. Nelyubin, G.A. Orlov, V.V. Oshchepkova, L.G. Popova, O.E. Semenets, N.N. Semenyuk, A.I. Smirnitsky, G.V. Stepanov, G.D. Tomakhin, A.I. Cherednichenko, A.D. Schweitzer, V.N. Yartseva, R. Bailey, D. Crystal, W. Labov, G. Turner). Interest in questions of variability of English is explained by complexity of its structure, features of its functioning in various language situations and territorial areas.is official language of many states, among which Great Britain, the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand. Tell such figures about exclusively wide circulation of English: about 1,6 billion people, i.e. nearly one third of the population of all globe speak English though English is the native language only for 380 million people. In this language the most part of books, magazines, newspapers is published. The American radio, television, especially blockbusters promote distribution not only the American culture, but also language. According to statistical data more than 80% of the maintenance of the Internet - in English though 44% of users speak other language. It is difficult to judge the positive or negative moments of globalization of English, but it is necessary to agree that in the history of mankind still any language wasn't so widespread and popular.native and foreign linguists working in the field of an English variations deal with such problems as emergence of similarities and distinctions between territorial options at various language levels, interference of options, features of a linguistic situation in the English-speaking countries.

Objective of this research:

1) consideration of a territorial variation of English in Australia, taking into account the social-linguistic and extralinguistic factors;

) to specify features of the Australian options of English;

According to this purpose the main objectives of work are:

1) analysis and description of polynational options of English;

) to make attempt to differentiate the concepts «version» and «option» of English;

) studying of the main problems of loans of a foreign-language element;

The technique of research is defined by the purposes and problems of work.

For realization of the tasks set above in the thesis the complex method of research is used. It includes descriptive, historical and comparative and chronological methods, and also various receptions of the analysis depending on specific objectives of each part of work.of research have theoretical and practical value. In the theoretical plan the degree makes a contribution to studying of territorial variability and typology of language states, supplements the data existing in linguistic literature concerning all-English and its distinctive lines, reveals regularities and tendencies of development of the Australian option of English.practical value of the degree consists in possibility of use of conclusions and the actual material of research in teaching a lexicology, regional geography, typology of languages, in special courses on language contacts and regional variability.

1. The history of Australian English Australian English (AusE, AuE, AusEng, en-AU) is a major variety of the English language and is used throughout Australia. Although English has no official status in the Constitution, Australian English is Australia's de facto official language and is the first language of the majority of the population.English began to diverge from British English after the founding of the colony of New South Wales in 1788 and was recognised as being different from British English by 1820. It arose from the intermingling of early settlers from a great variety of mutually intelligible dialectal regions of the British Isles and quickly developed into a distinct variety of English.English differs from other varieties of English in vocabulary, accent, pronunciation, register, grammar and spelling.earliest form of Australian English was first spoken by the children of the colonists born into the colony of New South Wales. This first generation of children created a new dialect that was to become the language of the nation. The Australian-born children in the new colony were exposed to a wide range of dialects from all over the British Isles, in particular from Ireland and South East England.native-born children of the colony created the new dialect from the speech they heard around them, and with it expressed peer solidarity. Even when new settlers arrived, this new dialect was strong enough to blunt other patterns of speech.quarter of the convicts were Irish. Many had been arrested in Ireland, and some in Great Britain. Many, if not most of the Irish convicts spoke either no English at all, or spoke it poorly and rarely. There were other significant populations of convicts from non-English speaking part of Britain, such as the Scottish Highlands and Wales.from the early 19th century show the distinct dialect that had surfaced in the colonies since first settlement in 1788, with Peter Miller Cunningham's 1827 book Two Years in New South Wales, describing the distinctive accent and vocabulary of the native born colonists, different from that of their parents and with a strong London influence. Anthony Burgess writes that «Australian

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