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Lenin Essay, Research Paper

Lenin?s political finesse, his understanding of the strength of the peasantry and his

rewriting of the communist thought are the characteristics which made Lenin one of the

greatest leaders of Russia.

Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov, was born on April 22, 1870, in Simbirsk, on the bank of

the Volga river. Ilya Nikolayevich Ulyanov, a man with high cheek bones, a dark

complexion and dark brown eyes, all of which Lenin inherited, was Lenin?s father, and

was the director of schools in Simbirsk province. Lenin?s mother, Maria Aleksandrovna

Blank, was a woman who was very devoted to her six children who all eventually became

revolutionaries, except for one who died before she could follow her siblings. Lenin

overall had a good childhood. He liked to play chess, swim, hike, and hunt. Although Lenin

had no close friends, he did look up to his brother, Alexander, a great deal.

When Lenin entered school in 1879, at the age of 9 he became a brilliant student

and this was acclaimed to a teacher who came into the Ulyanov home before Lenin could

enter school, and taught him to read by the age of five. During Vladimir?s young years

Russia was quite quiet, although not for him. In 1886 Lenin?s father died and in 1887 his

brother Alexander, whom Lenin looked up to, was involved in an unsuccessful plot to kill

the czar and was hanged for doing so. The death of Alexander came as a great blow to

Lenin. About his brothers death Lenin simply said “I?ll make them pay for this! I swear

it!” The same year his brother was hanged, Lenin finished school at the age of 17 and

received a gold medal for excellence in studies. During the fall of that year Lenin was

admitted to Kazan University to study law there. Three months after Lenin had settled in

Kazan he was expelled from the University for joining in a student meeting protesting the

lack of freedom the students were given in the school. Over the next three years Lenin tried

many more times to regain admission to the university, but was unsuccessful on all

attempts, until 1890 when he tried to gain acceptance to St. Petersburg University. He was

admitted as a student but he was not, however, permitted to attend classes, though he would

be permitted to take the examinations after studying on his own. In 1891 after studying on

his own and taking the final examinations Lenin received a law degree from St. Petersburg

University and united with a law firm in Samara.

While still in university Lenin was introduced to the works of Karl Marx, Marx

being a major contributor to the Communist Philosophy. In early 1893 Lenin became part of

the Social Democratic band, a Marxist establishment. In the latter part of that year Lenin

reallocated to St. Petersburg and got a start on his revolutionary career. While in St.

Petersburg Lenin found that the quality of leadership came to him easily and he quickly

became the leader of a Social Democrat group. Lenin came across as a bright intelligent

man. All of Lenin?s written work was very precise, intensely specific, and crystal clear. In

1897 Lenin was banished to Siberia, after being held for questioning for more than a year,

after he was caught by the Czar?s Secret Police while preparing a revolutionary

newspaper, The Cause, in December of 1895. During Lenin?s interval in Siberia he

married Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya. As banishment to Siberia did not mean

confinement and Lenin took advantage of his freedom by carrying on his propagandist

writings and also wrote one of his more dominant accomplishments, The Development of

Capitalism In Russia (1899). During the span of 1898, while Lenin was in expulsion from

Russia, a collection of concealed Russian Marxist groups allied to form the Russian Social

Democratic Labor Party. In the ensuing period following Lenin?s Siberian expulsion,

January 1900, he received authorization to leave the country and go to Germany to assist

with the founding of the parties newspaper, The Spark, of which the first issue appeared on

December 24, 1900. In 1902 Lenin wrote a pamphlet called “What Is To Be Done?” and

from this pamphlet came the base of what is called Leninism. The following year the

Russian Social Democratic Labor Party broke into two separate, equal, collectives over a

contention about party membership. Lenin became the leader of the Bolsheviks, which

translates to “The Majority”, which suggested that his group was larger. The Bolsheviks

desired that membership to their party be confined to a small member of full-time

revolutionaries. The other group, The Mensheviks, which translates to The Minority,

desired that party membership be less restrictive and did not prefer a dictatorship, as the

Bolsheviks did, but rather to practice more democratically. Just as all this was taking

place a vitality of insurrection was taking place across Russia fronting the Czar Nicholas

II. The Russian people wanted land, higher wages, and increased political rights including

a legislation. Included in these revolts was an incident called “Bloody Sunday” which

happened when an Orthodox Priest led a march of “peaceful” peasants to the home of the

Czar, on Sunday January 22, 1905. When they reached the palace the Czar?s head man

panicked at the sight of the many people and had his troops fire on the defenseless

crowd, slaying and damaging hundreds. By the fall of 1905 a full strike of nearly all

workers

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