Читать диплом по мировой экономике, международным экономическим отношениям: "Foreign banks in the Russian financial market" Страница 2


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transition began to open to external participants. In the first place, this phenomenon manifested itself in the expansion of foreign banks, reflected in an increase in their share of the assets and capital of national banking systems. Especially pronounced this tendency was observed in the Eastern European countries in transition to a market economy, and in Latin America. To a lesser extent this process affected countries in Asia and Africa.many ways, the process of trade liberalization and the provision of financial services on an international scale were associated with the formation of a new global trade and financial architecture. Regulatory agencies, opening access to foreign capital in the national market of banking services, guided by several considerations. Firstly, it was a desire to create favorable conditions for the inflow of foreign investments. Secondly, a willing to make an increase in the level of competition and encourage efficiency of doing business. Thirdly, the entry of foreign banks means import of advanced technologies, which is followed by a general institutional strengthening of the financial sector. Fourth, foreign banks could be regarded as one of the channels of inflows to other sectors, and their presence would be considered as one of the factors of economic growth.of foreign banks, coming into a new market, deserves special attention. The main essence for foreign banks to enter new markets is an opportunity to profit from operations in the local market. Integration between the economies of the countries of origin and the country - the object of investment is another point, which affects investors’ decision. Finally, the presence of foreign banks is largely dependent on the existing restrictions on market entry and conduct of operations., the main reason for presence of foreign banks in the world has become all the same opportunity to make a profit in the new market. The strategy of foreign banks in this case focused on the development prospects of the economy, GDP growth, inflation, capitalization of local companies. In general, as the GDP growth rate becomes more attractive, the greater will be the desire of foreign banks to exist in the local market. An additional factor in this case is a competitive environment in the local market. The interest of foreign banks will be higher than the less-developed and effective local banking system.experience has shown that a foreign market involves mainly large banks and this is due to several reasons. international banks, holding significant market share in the country of origin, looks for an opportunity for a risk diversification through the expansion of its activities in different countries;companies are customers of large banks.

As a result, banks, wishing to offer a wide range of services, forced to expand the scope of its activities and provide services where their customers look for it;

Found a business in another country requires a very substantial capital investment, especially if there is a high legislative strap on market entry in this country, and "economies of scale" in this case becomes essential;characteristic is that large banks yielding portfolio management operations also involve increasing the number of points of presence in foreign markets.of foreign banks, of course, is a serious risk to local banks. Decline in yield on operations makes it difficult to increase capital base for domestic banks, which in growing markets is rather weak. This can have a destabilizing effect on certain national financial system. Therefore, increasing the participation of foreign capital must be accompanied by improvement of the system of prudential supervision, in order to prevent rapid decline in the efficiency of the local institutions, which can not compete with multinational banks. In addition, possibility to increase the capital base and the impact on the profitability could be associated with an additional risk factor that can have its impact on the quality of the loan portfolio. This is due to the fact that the first-class domestic borrowers willing to apply more to cheaper resources provided by foreign banks., upon the occurrence of tough economic time, the presence of foreign banks may have a stabilizing or destabilizing effect. On the one hand, foreign banks, relied heavily on foreign resources, are more resistant to internal shocks. On the other hand, in the case of a threat of banking crisis there may be an option when investors consider foreign banks as a safe haven and begin a massive withdrawal of funds from local banks, making the position of national organizations even worse.for the impact of foreign banks on other sectors of the economy, there can be mentioned largely positive moments. Firstly, economic agents have access to a quality banking products. Secondly, increase in competition in the financial services sector means greater choice for borrowers and banks' customers, reducing the cost of cash management services. All this should have a positive impact on corporate and economic growth.the last 10-15 years under the influence of liberalization of capital movements and the globalization of financial markets, the situation has radically changed. Nowadays, most of the countries don’t set any barriers for entering the national system. However, the level of participation of credit institutions with foreign participation vary significantly depending on the configuration of the legislative, institutional and economic conditions in a given country. In this sense, the experience of each country's procedures for the approval of foreign banks and the degree of influence on the restructuring and modernization of the system of financial intermediation can not be same.is no exception. The feature of our country is that in the public mind was confirmed false impression that the Russian authorities prevent the inflow of foreign capital into the banking sector. In fact, the conditions and



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