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ContentsIntroduction

. Main guidelines working with maps

. Project requirements

. Results description a lot of people in manycities all over the world face transport problem. More and more families can afford a personal car so number of cars in huge cities rises dramatically from year to year. As a result in rush hours people stuck in traffic jams which also serve as an obstacle for public transport functioning. In cities with subways this means of transport is often overcrowded and uncomfortable for visiting in rush hours like early morning and evening. These are the reasons why in many huge cities people prefer to use alternative means of transport.term “alternative means of transport” means “commuting in any way other than driving alone. Examples include biking, walking, carpooling, and taking public transportation.” [1] In this paper attention will be paid mostly to non-motorized alternative means of transport with small (up to 20 cm in diameter) wheels. While fordrivers of most bicycles with standard-size wheels (26 inches) quality of theroad surface is not that important, drivers of non-motorized means of transport with small wheels may have serious difficulties with diving through, for example, tiled roads (because of its unsmooth surface).into account these facts it is possible to say that for most of drivers of non-motorized means of transport with small wheels is is important to know if some road areas are not comfortable for driving. To be precise these drivers pay attention to the surface of sidewalks along roads than to the surface of the roads themselves because pedestrian areas are more suitable for riding means of transport with small-size wheels. The problem is that there are no map services that can provide information about the quality of the sidewalks surface and in case if a person knows some city area badly then it’s impossible to choose a route that goes through only sidewalks with smooth surface. This paper is dedicated to description of a program for building routes through sidewalks in Moscow taking into account quality of the road surface. . Main guidelines of working with maps

can be described as a collection of graphic guidelines, including a number of technologies and scientific and artistic approaches which are needed to create the maps. Cartography as a science was born and perfected long before first PC, mobile devices and GIS technologies appeared. However, during the development of this science, which is still ongoing, many new important developments were made, for example, the theory of visual symbols for variables Jack Bertin: their size, values, textures, colors, lines and forms. The idea of his theory is based on the principle of visual distinction of one character from another, which helps in the perception of the image.Other aspects of cartography are also in the constant process of development such as taking into account developments in the study of human psychology and visual perception., maps were created for two main purposes. The first is to store valuable information. Geographical map is one of the ways of recording information to compare future state of described objects with the current one. The second - is to provide an image transmitting user spatial information.creation of a map it is very important to take into account its purpose. Mapmaker should get answers to several questions, such as: What are we describing with the map? What is the target audience of the map? It will be a map by itself or as part of the report? What type of platform will be used to display the map?general, there are two types of maps: overview maps and topical ones. In the first case the map simply provides information about how geographical objects are located relatively to each other. Topographical map and plan of the city are good examples of maps of that type. The second type - a topical mapsthat can be used to display information dedicated to a particular topic, such as land use, natural resources, socio-economic factors or medical geography.different types of maps can be given both general and very specific recommendations for their construction. Of course, qualified specialist is able to create wonderful maps to meet different requirements. But ordinary people can create a good informative overview map if they follow some simple guidelines which cover a number of general provisions.- usually every map has only one. Trying to convey too much information on a single map (more than one target) can confuse its user. It is much better to create two maps with their own separated purposes.audience - for whom is your map? You develop it for only a few users or for a huge audience of hundreds or even millions of people? It's much better to create a map expecting that its future users will not have deep knowledge in cartography.size, scale and storage format - the physical size of the mapin comparison with a real size of objects depicted on it dictates the scale of the map and determine how you will represent the actual size and the number of spatial objects shown on the map. Data collection is often carried out for a certain scale representation. However if you do not display the data on such a scale, at least make sure that the data is suitable for you. For example, digitized on a scale of 1: 50,000 of the road will be much more detailed than that required for small-scale maps (eg 1: 2 000 000) so that the number of roads on the map should be reduced. format also plays an important role, map prited in a newspaper (low quality paper)can't have detailing of same level as the same map printed on high quality paper. Besides, the detail of digital map may vary depending on the program used for viewing. For example, a static map used on the Web page should be designed using a smaller amount of information than amap which will be viewed in a special GIS program.goal -what mapmaker wants map users to pay their attention in the


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